{"id":6713,"date":"2023-09-05T14:44:04","date_gmt":"2023-09-05T13:44:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/?page_id=6713"},"modified":"2026-01-17T14:28:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T13:28:50","slug":"pays-rattaches-montenegro","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-montenegro\/","title":{"rendered":"Pays rattach\u00e9s &#8211; Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6713\" class=\"elementor elementor-6713\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2247219d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"2247219d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2befa5d3\" data-id=\"2befa5d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e98c985 ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6e98c985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_spacerat_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e2e8ced ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e2e8ced\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">COUNTRY<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fa5459d ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2fa5459d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4de4dc6b ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4de4dc6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_spacerat_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-277d9c88 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"277d9c88\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e053cf5\" data-id=\"e053cf5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ee5fd02 ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6ee5fd02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_spacerat_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2856d35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"2856d35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-277c9e60\" data-id=\"277c9e60\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-175e31ca ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"175e31ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General information<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26b8d3d elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"26b8d3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4336e1a5 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4336e1a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Surface area :<\/strong>\u00a013 812 km\u00b2<br \/><strong>Population :<\/strong> 0,824 million<br \/><strong>Density :<\/strong> 45 hab\/km\u00b2<br \/><strong>Capital city :<\/strong>\u00a0Podgorica (Titograd de 1946 \u00e0 1992)<br \/><strong>Official language :<\/strong>\u00a0mont\u00e9n\u00e9grin (la Constitution pr\u00e9cise que la langue peut s\u2019\u00e9crire dans l\u2019alphabet latin ou dans l\u2019alphabet cyrillique, la tendance actuelle \u00e9tant l\u2019alphabet latin)<br \/><strong>Langues minoritaires :<\/strong>\u00a0slbanais, bosnien, croate, serbe<br \/><strong>Chef d&rsquo;\u00c9tat :<\/strong> Jakov Milatovi\u0107, pr\u00e9sident<br \/><strong>Chef de Gouvernement :<\/strong> Milojko Spaji\u0107, premier ministre<br \/><strong>Monnaie\u00a0:<\/strong>\u00a0euro, adopt\u00e9\u00a0<em>de facto<\/em>, depuis 2002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-652e510a\" data-id=\"652e510a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f6ba8b ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4f6ba8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_photomorph_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/amisdeleuro.org\/static\/images\/pays\/montenegro\/CRT_MNO.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"CRT_MNO\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b7acf0e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"b7acf0e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2fc5116f\" data-id=\"2fc5116f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3508d7e3 elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3508d7e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c193f47 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"4c193f47\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6035a8f7\" data-id=\"6035a8f7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fda7cde ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2fda7cde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">History<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6f3f45 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6f3f45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>On pense souvent que le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro est un nouvel \u00c9tat. C\u2019est vrai en ce sens que c\u2019est le plus r\u00e9cent des \u00c9tats ind\u00e9pendants d\u2019Europe. C\u2019est faux, car c\u2019est un tr\u00e8s vieux pays.<\/p><p>Il est six fois plus grand que le Luxembourg, et plus peupl\u00e9 que ce dernier et que Malte.<\/p><p><br \/>Le pays de Zeta rentre dans l\u2019Histoire avec le prince Voislav, et son fils Michel, que le pape reconna\u00eet comme roi en 1077.<\/p><p>Son peuplement par les Serbes en a fait une province de ce puissant \u00c9tat (sous le nom de\u00a0 Zeta), du XII<sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0au XIV<sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, o\u00f9 des dynasties locales le gouvernent.<\/p><p>L\u2019invasion turque va profond\u00e9ment changer les choses\u00a0: les Mont\u00e9n\u00e9grins se r\u00e9fugient dans les montagnes, et parviennent, seul pays balkanique, \u00e0 garder leur ind\u00e9pendance (dans une petite Principaut\u00e9).<\/p><p>Depuis 1516, ils seront gouvern\u00e9s par une \u00e9tonnante dynastie de princes-\u00e9v\u00eaques, qui se transmettaient le pouvoir d\u2019oncle \u00e0 neveu. Le plus connu est Pierre II (1813-51).<\/p><p>Son successeur Danilo II (1851-1860) d\u00e9cida de s\u00e9culariser son tr\u00f4ne en renon\u00e7ant \u00e0 sa charge d\u2019\u00e9v\u00eaque et de se marier. Son fils, Nicolas I<sup>er<\/sup>\u00a0(1860-1918), se proclama roi, vainquit les Ottomans, agrandit son pays devenu alors voisin du royaume de Serbie. Il participera aux guerres balkaniques de 1912, dont il tirera encore avantage, et sera aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des Alli\u00e9s durant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre Mondiale.\u00a0<\/p><p>En 1918, le roi de Serbie impose son concept de royaume \u00ab\u00a0des Serbes, Croates et Slov\u00e8nes\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p><p>La Serbie fait un coup de force en occupant et annexant son voisin. Le vieux roi Nicolas est contraint de quitter son pays\u00a0; il mourra plus tard dans son exil dor\u00e9 de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur. Il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0le grand-p\u00e8re de l\u2019Europe\u00a0\u00bb, en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 Victoria, \u00ab\u00a0la grand-m\u00e8re de l\u2019Europe\u00a0\u00bb, ayant mari\u00e9 ses nombreuses \u2013 et ravissantes \u2013 filles aux souverains europ\u00e9ens.<br \/>H\u00e9las, dans ce royaume \u00e0 vocation f\u00e9d\u00e9rale, mont\u00e9n\u00e9grins, bosniaques, mac\u00e9doniens ne sont pas mentionn\u00e9s. Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro n\u2019est plus qu\u2019une province serbe, le Zeta (\u00e0 nouveau).<br \/>Une tentative de r\u00e9volte du peuple mont\u00e9n\u00e9grin \u00e9choue en 1919. Elle fera des milliers de victimes, et sera suivie d\u2019une \u00e9migration massive.<\/p><p>Sous le roi Alexandre, la fiction de l\u2019\u00e9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral dispara\u00eet\u00a0: c\u2019est la premi\u00e8re Yougoslavie, en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e9tat centralis\u00e9 serbe.<\/p><p>Apr\u00e8s les soubresauts de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale, o\u00f9 le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro a subi le triste sort de la Serbie, na\u00eet la seconde Yougoslavie titiste, o\u00f9 le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro se voit reconna\u00eetre un statut de R\u00e9publique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re.<\/p><p>La petite r\u00e9publique ne prendra que peu de part dans le drame de l\u2019\u00e9clatement post-Tito et des guerres de s\u00e9cession.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro a constitu\u00e9 avec la Serbie la troisi\u00e8me Yougoslavie (de fait d\u00e8s les s\u00e9cessions de 1992), puis officiellement le 14 mars 2002, enfin rebaptis\u00e9e Serbie-et-Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro (4 f\u00e9vrier 2003), sous le patronage de l\u2019UE.<\/p><p>Les forces s\u00e9paratistes se sont vite manifest\u00e9es, et ont gagn\u00e9 les \u00e9lections (Milo Djukanovic, Pr\u00e9sident), ouvrant la voie au r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum du 21 mai 2006. L\u2019UE \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s hostile \u00e0 ce nouvel \u00e9clatement, consid\u00e9rant l\u2019union des deux \u00c9tats si proches par la langue, la culture, la religion, comme tout \u00e0 fait viable.<\/p><p>Au vu des rapports de force entre ind\u00e9pendantistes et partisans de l\u2019union, l\u2019UE a impos\u00e9 une r\u00e8gle assez peu d\u00e9mocratique, \u00e0 savoir la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019un\u00a0<em>oui<\/em>\u00a0\u00e0 l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance au-dessus de 55\u00a0%, avec une participation de plus de 50 %. On pensait que ce seuil ne serait pas atteint, mais il l\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9, de justesse, et il a bien fallu se r\u00e9signer. Le 3 juin 2006, l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance \u00e9tait proclam\u00e9e, et le nouvel \u00c9tat devenait le 12 juillet 2006 le 192<sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0\u00c9tat, et \u00e0 ce jour l\u2019avant-dernier, membre de l\u2019ONU.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5190d26f elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5190d26f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-79e3d97 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"79e3d97\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f40196\" data-id=\"4f40196\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17529eb ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"17529eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La langues mont\u00e9n\u00e9grine<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e72ea22 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"e72ea22\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-33c0b29\" data-id=\"33c0b29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04530ca ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04530ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol start=\"1\"><li><p>Le mont\u00e9n\u00e9grin est une des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s du serbo-croate, donc de la langue parl\u00e9e en Serbie, en Croatie, au Montenegro et en Serbie.<\/p><p>Comme dit plus haut, la Constitution pr\u00e9cise que la langue peut s\u2019\u00e9crire dans l\u2019alphabet latin ou dans l\u2019alphabet cyrillique, mais la tendance actuelle est l\u2019alphabet latin.<\/p><p>C\u2019est donc une langue indo-europ\u00e9enne du groupe balto-slave, qui compte quelque 9 millions de locuteurs, dont une partie vivant dans la diaspora allemande et am\u00e9ricaine.\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8ad7a1c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"8ad7a1c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f6406e\" data-id=\"1f6406e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a226fb elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6a226fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ccee13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"4ccee13\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64579f2\" data-id=\"64579f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc8a17e ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc8a17e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro et l'Euro<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ea4d63 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"3ea4d63\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd84039\" data-id=\"dd84039\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c8480d ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c8480d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro a choisi unilat\u00e9ralement d\u2019adopter l\u2019euro comme monnaie nationale \u00e0 son ind\u00e9pendance (3 juin 2006). N\u2019\u00e9tant pas membre de l\u2019UE, comme Andorre et le Kosovo, ce choix ne lui donne, \u00e0 ce jour, aucun droit sp\u00e9cifique (face nationale en particulier). On trouve donc au Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro des pi\u00e8ces de toutes origines, souvent allemandes<em>.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e2c6fd9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"e2c6fd9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0c4cd74\" data-id=\"0c4cd74\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7862fd2 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7862fd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne : candidature accept\u00e9e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d997716 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"d997716\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-445c861\" data-id=\"445c861\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67c8cbf ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67c8cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro, qui a obtenu son ind\u00e9pendance en 2006, a introduit sa demande d\u2019adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l\u2019Union en d\u00e9cembre 2008. Il a obtenu le statut de pays candidat en d\u00e9cembre 2010 et a entam\u00e9 les n\u00e9gociations d\u2019adh\u00e9sion en juin 2012.<\/p><p>Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la \u00ab nouvelle strat\u00e9gie \u00bb de l\u2019Union \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la proc\u00e9dure d\u2019adh\u00e9sion, les chapitres cl\u00e9s consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat de droit \u2014 le chapitre\u00a023 sur la r\u00e9forme judiciaire et les droits fondamentaux et le chapitre\u00a024 sur la libert\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la justice \u2014 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9s tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t dans les n\u00e9gociations, en d\u00e9cembre 2013. L\u2019ensemble des 33\u00a0chapitres de n\u00e9gociation ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ouverts, dont trois seulement sont aujourd\u2019hui provisoirement clos. Le dernier chapitre cl\u00e9 restant (portant sur la politique de concurrence) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ouvert en juin 2020.<\/p><p><em>(source\u00a0: Parlement europ\u00e9en)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b1c294d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"b1c294d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b7a630\" data-id=\"5b7a630\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ee777 elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"56ee777\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ee9e0d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"3ee9e0d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-abedd46\" data-id=\"abedd46\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3780c60 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3780c60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contact<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e480f25 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"e480f25\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6a2c5d\" data-id=\"f6a2c5d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efc467f ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efc467f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>E-mail :\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:pays@amisdeleuro.org\">pays@amisdeleuro.org<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-02ecbcc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"02ecbcc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e8722e0\" data-id=\"e8722e0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-481d3d4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"481d3d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a3384e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"a3384e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db1d969\" data-id=\"db1d969\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f086687 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f086687\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Links<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ceaa5de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"ceaa5de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-252cae7\" data-id=\"252cae7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4723dd5 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4723dd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_postman_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8211;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2be331f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"2be331f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2016be82\" data-id=\"2016be82\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3645038 ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3645038\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_spacerat_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f731042 elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1f731042\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ed57412 ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7ed57412\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_spacerat_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33a20d90 ob-harakiri-inherit ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"33a20d90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_use_harakiri&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_writing_mode&quot;:&quot;inherit&quot;,&quot;_ob_harakiri_text_clip&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Continuer la navigation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65e70f24 elementor-widget-divider--view-line ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"65e70f24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-245a9b3a wpr-main-menu-align-center wpr-main-menu-align--tabletleft wpr-main-menu-align--mobileleft wpr-pointer-underline wpr-pointer-line-fx wpr-pointer-fx-fade wpr-sub-icon-caret-down wpr-sub-menu-fx-fade wpr-nav-menu-bp-mobile wpr-mobile-menu-full-width wpr-mobile-menu-item-align-center wpr-mobile-toggle-v1 wpr-sub-divider-yes wpr-mobile-divider-yes ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpr-nav-menu\" data-id=\"245a9b3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;menu_layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"wpr-nav-menu-container wpr-nav-menu-horizontal\" data-trigger=\"hover\" data-consider-header=\"\" data-scroll-speed=\"500\"><ul id=\"menu-1-245a9b3a\" class=\"wpr-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6861\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-andorre\/\" class=\"wpr-menu-item wpr-pointer-item\">Andorra<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6860\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-kosovo\/\" class=\"wpr-menu-item wpr-pointer-item\">Kosovo<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6859\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-monaco\/\" class=\"wpr-menu-item wpr-pointer-item\">Monaco<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6858\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-montenegro\/\" class=\"wpr-menu-item wpr-pointer-item\">Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6857\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-saint-marin\/\" class=\"wpr-menu-item wpr-pointer-item\">Saint-Marin<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6856\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-vatican\/\" class=\"wpr-menu-item wpr-pointer-item\">Vatican<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/nav><nav class=\"wpr-mobile-nav-menu-container\"><div class=\"wpr-mobile-toggle-wrap\"><div class=\"wpr-mobile-toggle\"><span class=\"wpr-mobile-toggle-line\"><\/span><span class=\"wpr-mobile-toggle-line\"><\/span><span class=\"wpr-mobile-toggle-line\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><ul id=\"mobile-menu-2-245a9b3a\" class=\"wpr-mobile-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6861\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-andorre\/\" class=\"wpr-mobile-menu-item\">Andorra<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6860\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-kosovo\/\" class=\"wpr-mobile-menu-item\">Kosovo<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6859\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-monaco\/\" class=\"wpr-mobile-menu-item\">Monaco<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6858\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-montenegro\/\" class=\"wpr-mobile-menu-item\">Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6857\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-saint-marin\/\" class=\"wpr-mobile-menu-item\">Saint-Marin<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6856\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/pays-rattaches-vatican\/\" class=\"wpr-mobile-menu-item\">Vatican<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"ob-is-breaking-bad ob-bb-inner elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7d2d4360 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"7d2d4360\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_use_it&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_bbad_sssic_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_glider_is_slider&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7899f948\" data-id=\"7899f948\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39fa42e3 ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"39fa42e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default eael-cb-icon-position-\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/les-pays-hors-zone-euro\/\" data-text=\"\">\n            \t    \n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">Pays hors zone Euro<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n\t                        <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-43f16d68\" data-id=\"43f16d68\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_bbad_is_stalker&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_teleporter_use&quot;:false,&quot;_ob_column_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_column_has_pseudo&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffa2ee4 ob-has-background-overlay elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"ffa2ee4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ob_perspektive_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_poopart_use&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_ob_shadough_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_allow_hoveranimator&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;_ob_widget_stalker_use&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default eael-cb-icon-position-\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/les-pays\/\" data-text=\"\">\n            \t    \n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">Pays zone Euro<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n\t                        <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PAYS Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro Donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9rales Superficie :\u00a013 812 km\u00b2Population : 0,824 millionDensit\u00e9 : 45 hab\/km\u00b2Capitale :\u00a0Podgorica (Titograd de 1946 \u00e0 1992)Langue officielle :\u00a0mont\u00e9n\u00e9grin (la Constitution pr\u00e9cise que la langue peut s\u2019\u00e9crire dans l\u2019alphabet latin ou dans l\u2019alphabet cyrillique, la tendance actuelle \u00e9tant l\u2019alphabet latin)Langues minoritaires :\u00a0slbanais, bosnien, croate, serbeChef d&rsquo;\u00c9tat : Jakov Milatovi\u0107, pr\u00e9sidentChef de Gouvernement : Milojko Spaji\u0107, premier ministreMonnaie\u00a0:\u00a0euro, adopt\u00e9\u00a0de facto, depuis 2002 Histoire On pense souvent que le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro est un nouvel \u00c9tat. C\u2019est vrai en ce sens que c\u2019est le plus r\u00e9cent des \u00c9tats ind\u00e9pendants d\u2019Europe. C\u2019est faux, car c\u2019est un tr\u00e8s vieux pays. Il est six fois plus grand que le Luxembourg, et plus peupl\u00e9 que ce dernier et que Malte. Le pays de Zeta rentre dans l\u2019Histoire avec le prince Voislav, et son fils Michel, que le pape reconna\u00eet comme roi en 1077. Son peuplement par les Serbes en a fait une province de ce puissant \u00c9tat (sous le nom de\u00a0 Zeta), du XIIe\u00a0au XIVe\u00a0si\u00e8cle, o\u00f9 des dynasties locales le gouvernent. L\u2019invasion turque va profond\u00e9ment changer les choses\u00a0: les Mont\u00e9n\u00e9grins se r\u00e9fugient dans les montagnes, et parviennent, seul pays balkanique, \u00e0 garder leur ind\u00e9pendance (dans une petite Principaut\u00e9). Depuis 1516, ils seront gouvern\u00e9s par une \u00e9tonnante dynastie de princes-\u00e9v\u00eaques, qui se transmettaient le pouvoir d\u2019oncle \u00e0 neveu. Le plus connu est Pierre II (1813-51). Son successeur Danilo II (1851-1860) d\u00e9cida de s\u00e9culariser son tr\u00f4ne en renon\u00e7ant \u00e0 sa charge d\u2019\u00e9v\u00eaque et de se marier. Son fils, Nicolas Ier\u00a0(1860-1918), se proclama roi, vainquit les Ottomans, agrandit son pays devenu alors voisin du royaume de Serbie. Il participera aux guerres balkaniques de 1912, dont il tirera encore avantage, et sera aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des Alli\u00e9s durant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre Mondiale.\u00a0 En 1918, le roi de Serbie impose son concept de royaume \u00ab\u00a0des Serbes, Croates et Slov\u00e8nes\u00a0\u00bb. La Serbie fait un coup de force en occupant et annexant son voisin. Le vieux roi Nicolas est contraint de quitter son pays\u00a0; il mourra plus tard dans son exil dor\u00e9 de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur. Il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0le grand-p\u00e8re de l\u2019Europe\u00a0\u00bb, en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 Victoria, \u00ab\u00a0la grand-m\u00e8re de l\u2019Europe\u00a0\u00bb, ayant mari\u00e9 ses nombreuses \u2013 et ravissantes \u2013 filles aux souverains europ\u00e9ens.H\u00e9las, dans ce royaume \u00e0 vocation f\u00e9d\u00e9rale, mont\u00e9n\u00e9grins, bosniaques, mac\u00e9doniens ne sont pas mentionn\u00e9s. Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro n\u2019est plus qu\u2019une province serbe, le Zeta (\u00e0 nouveau).Une tentative de r\u00e9volte du peuple mont\u00e9n\u00e9grin \u00e9choue en 1919. Elle fera des milliers de victimes, et sera suivie d\u2019une \u00e9migration massive. Sous le roi Alexandre, la fiction de l\u2019\u00e9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral dispara\u00eet\u00a0: c\u2019est la premi\u00e8re Yougoslavie, en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e9tat centralis\u00e9 serbe. Apr\u00e8s les soubresauts de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale, o\u00f9 le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro a subi le triste sort de la Serbie, na\u00eet la seconde Yougoslavie titiste, o\u00f9 le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro se voit reconna\u00eetre un statut de R\u00e9publique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re. La petite r\u00e9publique ne prendra que peu de part dans le drame de l\u2019\u00e9clatement post-Tito et des guerres de s\u00e9cession.\u00a0\u00a0 Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro a constitu\u00e9 avec la Serbie la troisi\u00e8me Yougoslavie (de fait d\u00e8s les s\u00e9cessions de 1992), puis officiellement le 14 mars 2002, enfin rebaptis\u00e9e Serbie-et-Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro (4 f\u00e9vrier 2003), sous le patronage de l\u2019UE. Les forces s\u00e9paratistes se sont vite manifest\u00e9es, et ont gagn\u00e9 les \u00e9lections (Milo Djukanovic, Pr\u00e9sident), ouvrant la voie au r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum du 21 mai 2006. L\u2019UE \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s hostile \u00e0 ce nouvel \u00e9clatement, consid\u00e9rant l\u2019union des deux \u00c9tats si proches par la langue, la culture, la religion, comme tout \u00e0 fait viable. Au vu des rapports de force entre ind\u00e9pendantistes et partisans de l\u2019union, l\u2019UE a impos\u00e9 une r\u00e8gle assez peu d\u00e9mocratique, \u00e0 savoir la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019un\u00a0oui\u00a0\u00e0 l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance au-dessus de 55\u00a0%, avec une participation de plus de 50 %. On pensait que ce seuil ne serait pas atteint, mais il l\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9, de justesse, et il a bien fallu se r\u00e9signer. Le 3 juin 2006, l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance \u00e9tait proclam\u00e9e, et le nouvel \u00c9tat devenait le 12 juillet 2006 le 192e\u00a0\u00c9tat, et \u00e0 ce jour l\u2019avant-dernier, membre de l\u2019ONU. La langues mont\u00e9n\u00e9grine Le mont\u00e9n\u00e9grin est une des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s du serbo-croate, donc de la langue parl\u00e9e en Serbie, en Croatie, au Montenegro et en Serbie. Comme dit plus haut, la Constitution pr\u00e9cise que la langue peut s\u2019\u00e9crire dans l\u2019alphabet latin ou dans l\u2019alphabet cyrillique, mais la tendance actuelle est l\u2019alphabet latin. C\u2019est donc une langue indo-europ\u00e9enne du groupe balto-slave, qui compte quelque 9 millions de locuteurs, dont une partie vivant dans la diaspora allemande et am\u00e9ricaine.\u00a0 Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro et l&rsquo;Euro Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro a choisi unilat\u00e9ralement d\u2019adopter l\u2019euro comme monnaie nationale \u00e0 son ind\u00e9pendance (3 juin 2006). N\u2019\u00e9tant pas membre de l\u2019UE, comme Andorre et le Kosovo, ce choix ne lui donne, \u00e0 ce jour, aucun droit sp\u00e9cifique (face nationale en particulier). On trouve donc au Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro des pi\u00e8ces de toutes origines, souvent allemandes. Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro et l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne : candidature accept\u00e9e Le Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro, qui a obtenu son ind\u00e9pendance en 2006, a introduit sa demande d\u2019adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l\u2019Union en d\u00e9cembre 2008. Il a obtenu le statut de pays candidat en d\u00e9cembre 2010 et a entam\u00e9 les n\u00e9gociations d\u2019adh\u00e9sion en juin 2012. Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la \u00ab nouvelle strat\u00e9gie \u00bb de l\u2019Union \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la proc\u00e9dure d\u2019adh\u00e9sion, les chapitres cl\u00e9s consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat de droit \u2014 le chapitre\u00a023 sur la r\u00e9forme judiciaire et les droits fondamentaux et le chapitre\u00a024 sur la libert\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la justice \u2014 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abord\u00e9s tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t dans les n\u00e9gociations, en d\u00e9cembre 2013. L\u2019ensemble des 33\u00a0chapitres de n\u00e9gociation ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ouverts, dont trois seulement sont aujourd\u2019hui provisoirement clos. Le dernier chapitre cl\u00e9 restant (portant sur la politique de concurrence) a \u00e9t\u00e9 ouvert en juin 2020. (source\u00a0: Parlement europ\u00e9en) Contact E-mail :\u00a0pays@amisdeleuro.org Liens &#8211; Continuer la navigation Andorre Kosovo Monaco Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro Saint-Marin Vatican Andorre Kosovo Monaco Mont\u00e9n\u00e9gro Saint-Marin Vatican Pays hors zone Euro Pays zone Euro<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[585],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6713","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-pays-rattaches","pmpro-has-access"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6713"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82301,"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6713\/revisions\/82301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amisdeleuro.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}